Cracking still for mineral oils



,Nmn w, 192= w. L. HAGWHLL I CRACKING STILL FOR MINERAL OILS B Q SMutu -Shut F'ilad Dec.

mm, m m, W. L. BAGWELL CRACKING STiLL FOR MINERAL OILS Filfi 966 27. 1923 2 ShzmfgnP-fiTMsM 2 J ML- which may be compared with :1 pi

" and oil To all, whom Be it known. that it, a citizen of the li it-2* Long Beach in and State of Cilillt. and useful linprov for ltlinernl this, r a specification My present invention as n c aching still for n, be understood to be an oogeet of tion to provide iiinprovetl reams (lllClJlOIl of gasoline or the lilo heavier mineral oils, such he germinate; currently sold, mainly for Ilajfil. pnrposee under the name (lis l to,

But it is also an object of tine invention to provide an improved method or proeena: tor the cracking o1": mineral oil It is a'further object cit 'liS inwmtion provide at novel and etlective still of a although in the present inst-mice it if and the products of ornbnnt1on that are carried backward and forward i' 'lifii 'ir pipes within a body of oil it is a further object 01: provide a novel creclri n prising a still whose is ceecls its width 9.1m. with substantially downward tl n"; tionelly sminionnlef It is a ftirtliei providein novel 1 orally Speaking, rectnngli rational outline iilll thin and tint, and o} if U an end YlQW, an outline which 1 acterizecl as an eiongetetl ovo. broadest portion near it ltis a further obit provide an oil cracking orgnnizetion comprising a still provided with subehmtinlly horizontal. passages the projection of flame therein and for the lo'wmvnr l return of combustion products therethrongh, the mentioned flame passages and 'lzl fStlfifi-g being preferably Fllll'OlllltlMl by nnnulnr passages suitable for use in the preheating of steam; and in a preferred embodiment of my invention, the sitcom preheated es (loscribctl may be introchired notonly through an inlet provided for the introduction of oil 'apor at the bottom of my novel still, but .nlso through perforated. pipe-e or invention to ion eonr horizon:

i n jt'irtlier object of this invention to eby the he: of i may be u v he 1 eat it steam nntl in the when of may-rung tein ggieretnree Within 0t d neml clmrneter tlOSPillJQt'l but \nting of oil red thereto; eil emborilimcnt oi injvv inggneeemay be used acidiiinmil to produce or to heat I ulvnnce its introduction into novel still; anal the mixture of oil wi l through the my Water vapors finally escaping iii n oi my etill may optione. ly be passed, throngn o first preneater for the Oil that ie' to be or ill; anal a suitable fraction oi? the steam. from a source referred to, or sterile troin another'sourec, may be BlllplOyfitl in mnjni'mtion with any or all of the features referred to for the improvement of the d aft required for the suitable heating of my novel ll and the mentioned ports optionnllv eietecl therewith.

ol v

of m invention will appear ving description. of a pre- Qimnt therewith t 1 in con nclerl eiai .v .1 e nil the we in Wt] icll iiznggreninmt 3 longisnowi Scope o i f 'i crrlng to the details of that specific eniborlnnent of my invention chosen for PM?" still.

addition to the openings referred to my still is preferably provided with heating 11" "the in the torin of substantially hori- ZOILLl passages 8, 8 end 8 for the projecti H:

or llmne unfit theconrluction of comiii bustion gases therethrough, these passages being shown as connected by return bends 9, 9" at opposite ends of my still. and pro vided with jackets 10, 10, 10 respectively connected by substantially vertical passages ll, 11 located externally of my still and in proximity to the mentioned. return bends, a steam inlet being provided at 12 and a steam outlet beingprovided at 13 in such a relationshi p that steam introduced through the valve H in the mentioned inlet 12 shall undergo a muutercurrent heating while rising in contact with the pipes or passages 8*, 8 and 8, through which flame and combustion products must descend,-thcse products being optionally conducted through a prolongation 3", shown as surrounded by anaiil preheater 17 and as connected with a stack 16, through which combustion cases may tinally escape.

Although my described arrangement of pipes and flame passages and fines might be utilized in a still of any preferred type, I find it highly advantageous not only to employ pipes dittering and related in size in the general manner best illustrated in Fig. 3 (from an inspection of which it will be seen that the/flame passage 8 is larger than the passage 8 and that this is in turnlarger than the lower passage 8 but also to employ therewith a still body non-circular in cross-section, my preferred still body being of comparatively great ieight in proportion to its width-and of a length preferably exceeding its height, the upward dive rgent sides at my still being pref rably flat although connect-ed or emerging at top and bottom into oppositely curved substantially semicylindrical elements, in such manner as to produce, in an end View of my still, an up wardly elongated ovate outline,-the construction here referred to being preferably such that the horizontal distance between'the outer walls of the respective steam jackets 10, 10", 10 surrounding the pipes or fines 8,-

8, 8 and the inner surfaces of the upwardly tapering lateral walls of my novel still may be substantially uniform, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3; and I consider it advantageous not only to preheat the oil fed to my novel still sul'iiciently to volatilize the major portion thereof, as by means or" a first preheater 1? throngwhich vapors from my still may be led and by means of the preheater 15, which I may regard as my second preheater, these preheaters being shown as connected by intermediate pipe 18 and by a feed pipe 19 extending to the inlet 3 of my still, but to usealso steam directly introduced into said oil at the time of its admission through the inlet 3 and during its rise within the body of my still.

For the purpose last rote/red to I may provide siu'ierhcateil ean'i in any suitable manner, but my preferred means therefor may comprise, in addition to the described steam jackets 10,10, 10", surrounding the flame passages and fines S, 8, S", a coil or coils 20, within the stack 16 and exposed therein to the heat of flue gases, this coil being shown as connected by a pipe 21 with the valved inlet 12 by which steam may be T 25 with the inlet 3 at the bottom t still) but also from substantially liorizo'nt perforated pipes .26, 26, 26" and as er in; within the body of my still and as arranged in a staggered bu relationship to the various pipes in, ready described as "extending there-:lirough, An extension 27 from the pipe .2 5, or from any otherconvenient source of high sure steam may advantageously he carried to the draft jet 28 shown as provided with hand valve 29 and as extending into the oo tom of the stack 16, in known manner quately although somewhat diagrammatically shown in the drawing are substantial importance-in the economical and eil icient execution of my novel process, connection with which may point out by theconstruction and mor e of ope ation toiwhich reference has been made, I may utilize a single set of flame tubes and fines, together with the vapor lines extending: from the dome of my still, not only to preheat oil in two stages and to a temperature sufiicient to completely or almost completely volatilize the -same, thereafter-exposing the vaporous products only to the heat of steam jackets, and jets (and not to any surfaces directly heated by flame) out also to heat steam in two stages, a preheating being; effected within a stack and a 'tinal heating being, efi'ected within the mentioned jackets surrounding flame tubes and thus: and it effectively utilize the high temperature, high pressure steam so produced not only in the introduction of oil and hydrocarbon vapors into the bottom of my still but r so in'a highly advantageous heat treatment of the same there n.

Although the mode of operation of my ing a series of vertically superimposed passages for flame and products of combustion surrounded. by jackets for the heating of steam, the uppermost passage beii'ig the largest and the lowermost passage being the smallest and the lateral walls of said still being spaced at a substantially uniform distance from all of said jackets.

6. A still for cracking oil comprising a shell forming the still body of ovate cross section with the apex at the bottom, continuous combustion passages extending therethrough in a lengthwise direction and decreasing in diameter from the uppermost to-the lowermost passage, and means for injecting a'heating mediuminto the uppermost passage.

7. A still for cracking oil as claimed in claim (3 havingthe proportions oi the combustion passages and the still body such that substantially a uniform thickness ot oil surrounds each passage.

8. A still for cracking oi] as claimed in claim 6 having steam jackets surrounding the combustion passages.

9. A still for cracking oil having in combination a shell forming a still body of sub stantially ovate cross section with flat sides and the apex at the bottom, and continuous combustion passages extending through the body lengthwise from end to end and the uppermost passage of the largest diameter, the other passages progressively diminishing in diameter, said passages being mounted in the still so that the oil between the passage and the lateral walls of the still is substantially the same thickness for each successive passage.

10. A still for cracking oil as claimed in claim 0 having means for injecting a heating medium in the uppermostpassage.

11. A still for cracking oils as claimed in claim 9 having means for injecting a heating medium in the uppermost passage, and steam jackets surroumling the passages.

12. A still for cracking oil as claimed in claim 1) having means for injecting a heating medium into the uppermost passage, steam jackets surrounding the passages, and steam jets within the still body discharging into the body of the oil and vapor.

13. A still for cracking oil as claimed in claim 9 having. means to inject a heating me dium in the uppermost combustion passage, a dome on the top of-the still body to carry oil the oil vapors, an oil pie-heater in the path of the oil vapors, and a second o l prehcatcr in the path otthc products of combustion exterior to thexstill.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

WV. L. BAGWILL. 

